Perihepatic splenosis simulating a focal liver lesion in a patient with chronic hepatitis C.

Splenosis is an infrequent acquired condition in which nodules of splenic tissue are transplanted in the peritoneal cavity due to splenic trauma or splenectomy (1). These patients have usually multiple splenic implants in the abdomen ranging from several millimeters up to 7 cm in size (1). The vast majority of such patients are asymptomatic and the lesions are discovered as incidental finding at surgery or autopsy (1). Rarely, splenosis may be localized into the liver or in the thoracic and pleural cavity, and unusual locations also include the pelvis, pericardium and subcutaneous tissues. Generally, splenic remnants implant easily on the serosal surfaces, parasitize adjacent blood vessels and grow into mature splenic tissue confirming that seeding of damaged splenic pulp is the crucial mechanism behind autotransplantation after splenic rupture. We describe a case of perihepatic splenosis associated to other abdominal splenosis in the left lower abdomen diagnosed by radiological imaging, in which surgery was avoided.